Hepatitis is "inflammation of the liver". The most common cause of infection is one of the five viruses, called Hepatitis A, B, C, D and E. All of these viruses can cause an acute disease with symptoms lasting several weeks including yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice); dark urine; extreme fatigue; nausea; vomiting and abdominal pain.

Among all the forms of hepatitis, Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a major cause of concern worldwide. Around the globe, about two billion people have serological evidence of current or past HBV infection. In India, it is estimated that at least 100,000 people die every year due to illnesses related to HBV infection.

Prevention of Hepatitis B

• Keeping away from contact with the blood and body fluids, including semen and vaginal secretions of infected persons is the most efficient way of preventing any infection from setting in.
• Avoid sharing personal items such as razors and toothbrushes with individuals who are infected with the hepatitis B virus.
• Use latex condoms to prevent getting infected through sexual contact. .
• Vaccines protecting against Hepatitis B are available and should be seriously considered by people exposed to a high risk of infection such as those who receive blood transfusions, share needles for drug use or have multiple sex partners.
• Individuals who come into direct contact with the blood or body fluids of a carrier of the Hepatitis B virus may receive one or more injections of the hepatitis B immune globulin, sometimes together with the hepatitis B vaccine. The immune globulin offers temporary protection, while the vaccine provides long-lasting immunity against the disease.

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